Monodromy of Picard–Fuchs system for a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces and fixed points of the Hilbert modular group for $$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$

Abstract We solve the monodromy problem about the Picard–Fuchs system for the two-parameter family of the anticanonical hypersurfaces in the toric three-fold arising from a specific reflexive polytope. The members of the family are resolved to be K3 surfaces polarized by a lattice of signature (1, 17) with discriminant $$-8$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The Picard–Fuchs system consists of two hypergeometric differential equations of order 2 with the four-dimensional solution space. The independent variables are affine coordinates of the punctured weighted projective space $$\mathbb {P}(1,2,3)\hspace{1.111pt}{\setminus }\hspace{1.111pt}\{(1,0,0)\}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>\</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> which forms a moduli space of the family. We construct the isomorphism from $$\mathbb {P}(1,2,3)\hspace{1.111pt}{\setminus }\hspace{1.111pt}\{(1,0,0)\}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>\</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> to the symmetric Hilbert modular orbifold $$\mathbb {H}^2/\langle \text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K),\tau _1\rangle $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⟨</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>PSL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>⟩</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for $$K=\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>Q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and its inverse as a triplet of symmetric Hilbert modular forms. Here (1, 0, 0) corresponds to the cusp. As the fundamental set of solutions, we take a set of series convergent near the cusp. We obtain the generators of the monodromy group in $$\text {GL}_4(\mathbb {Z})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>GL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>Z</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> by deforming the domains for the period integrals expressing the solutions. We construct the isomorphism from the monodromy group to $$\langle \text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K),\tau _1\rangle $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⟨</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>PSL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>⟩</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Using the monodromy, we obtain fixed points of the Hilbert modular group $$\text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>PSL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and their respective isotropy groups, which are consistent with the results of the prior research taking an arithmetic approach.

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Journal
European Journal of Mathematics
Published
2024-11-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40879-024-00774-w
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2
Primary Topic
Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
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article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.02

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article

Monodromy of Picard–Fuchs system for a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces and fixed points of the Hilbert modular group for $$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$

Toshimasa Ishige
2 citations
European Journal of Mathematics
Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
2.02
article

Monodromy of Picard–Fuchs system for a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces and fixed points of the Hilbert modular group for $$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$

Toshimasa Ishige
article en
2 citations

Abstract

Abstract We solve the monodromy problem about the Picard–Fuchs system for the two-parameter family of the anticanonical hypersurfaces in the toric three-fold arising from a specific reflexive polytope. The members of the family are resolved to be K3 surfaces polarized by a lattice of signature (1, 17) with discriminant $$-8$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The Picard–Fuchs system consists of two hypergeometric differential equations of order 2 with the four-dimensional solution space. The independent variables are affine coordinates of the punctured weighted projective space $$\mathbb {P}(1,2,3)\hspace{1.111pt}{\setminus }\hspace{1.111pt}\{(1,0,0)\}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>\</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> which forms a moduli space of the family. We construct the isomorphism from $$\mathbb {P}(1,2,3)\hspace{1.111pt}{\setminus }\hspace{1.111pt}\{(1,0,0)\}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>\</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> to the symmetric Hilbert modular orbifold $$\mathbb {H}^2/\langle \text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K),\tau _1\rangle $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⟨</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>PSL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>⟩</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for $$K=\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>Q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and its inverse as a triplet of symmetric Hilbert modular forms. Here (1, 0, 0) corresponds to the cusp. As the fundamental set of solutions, we take a set of series convergent near the cusp. We obtain the generators of the monodromy group in $$\text {GL}_4(\mathbb {Z})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>GL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>Z</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> by deforming the domains for the period integrals expressing the solutions. We construct the isomorphism from the monodromy group to $$\langle \text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K),\tau _1\rangle $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⟨</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>PSL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>⟩</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Using the monodromy, we obtain fixed points of the Hilbert modular group $$\text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>PSL</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and their respective isotropy groups, which are consistent with the results of the prior research taking an arithmetic approach.

European Journal of MathematicsVol. 10(4)
Chiba University (JP)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
2.02
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