Gardenoside attenuates <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> -induced mastitis by inhibiting inflammation and ferroptosis through Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway

Mastitis, as an important disease that endangers the development of the dairy industry, causes huge economic losses to the breeding industry. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is one of the important pathogenic bacteria that cause mastitis. Antibiotics are considered to be the first choice in the treatment of the <i>S. aureus</i>-induced mastitis. However, the overuse of antibiotics leads to bacterial resistance and antibiotic residues. Therefore, this study explored whether effective extracts of traditional herbs could be used as alternatives to antibiotics.