The Impact of Beidou Signal Digital Distortion and Receiver Parameters on Positioning Accuracy for Aviation Differential Users

The Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has seen increasingly widespread applications in the aviation sector, but signal distortion has significantly impacted the positioning accuracy of differential aviation users. This paper thoroughly investigates the mechanisms of digital distortion in BDS signals, focusing on the effects of correlator spacing in receivers on ranging and positioning errors. By constructing a pseudorange differential correction model and conducting extensive simulation analyses, the results indicate that under severe digital distortion, ranging errors can reach up to 4.82 meters, while under poor satellite geometry, differential positioning errors can increase to 28.92 meters. The study also indicates that optimizing receiver parameters, such as correlator spacing, especially ensuring consistency between the reference and user receivers, is crucial in minimizing positioning errors. This paper provides theoretical support for the reliable application of the BDS system in aviation differential positioning and offers specific suggestions for optimizing receiver parameters.