Blockchain-based Framework for Securing and Enhancing Internet of Things Ecosystems

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has amplified security concerns, making data protection and ensuring reliable device interactions paramount. This research investigates the potential of blockchain technology to address these security challenges and enhance the quality and functionality of IoT ecosystems. With its decentralized, immutable, and tamper-resistant nature, blockchain offers a robust solution by improving device authentication and authorization processes and ensuring data integrity. Utilizing a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, this paper analyzes current research to explore the benefits, challenges, and strategies for integrating blockchain into IoT systems. The findings demonstrate that blockchain can significantly enhance IoT security by reducing single points of failure and improving data integrity through its decentralized ledger system. Blockchain’s capabilities in managing device identities and automating interactions through smart contracts further strengthen IoT security frameworks. However, scalability, energy consumption, and integration complexity remain. Addressing these hurdles requires the development of more efficient consensus algorithms and seamless integration tools. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of blockchain to revolutionize IoT security, offering a pathway to creating a more secure and trusted IoT ecosystem. Future research should focus on scalability, energy-efficient consensus mechanisms, standardized integration protocols, and real-world case studies to refine blockchain solutions tailored for IoT environments, ensuring continued innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration between blockchain and IoT experts.