Analytic Class Incremental Learning for Sound Source Localization With Privacy Protection

Sound Source Localization (SSL) enabling technology for applications such as surveillance and robotics. While traditional Signal Processing (SP)-based Sound Source Localization (SSL) methods provide analytic solutions under specific signal and noise assumptions, recent Deep Learning (DL)-based methods have significantly outperformed them. However, their success depends on extensive training data and substantial computational resources. Moreover, they often rely on large-scale annotated spatial data and may struggle to adapt to evolving sound classes. To mitigate these challenges, we propose a novel Class Incremental Learning (CIL) approach, termed SSL-CIL, which avoids serious accuracy degradation due to <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">catastrophic forgetting</i> by incrementally updating the DL-based SSL model through a closed-form analytic solution. In particular, data privacy is ensured since the learning process does not revisit any historical data (exemplar-free), which is more suitable for smart home scenarios. Empirical results in the public SSLR dataset demonstrate the superior performance of our proposal, achieving a localization accuracy of 90.9%, surpassing other competitive methods.