[The characteristics of pharyngea microbiological in children with obstructive sleep apnea].

<b>Objective:</b>This study aimed to explore the possible pathogenesis of OSA from the perspective of microbiology by evaluate the change in pharyngeal microbiome of OSA children, and provide new ideas for clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment. <b>Methods:</b>Randomly enrolled 20 children with OSA as OSA group and 20 children without OSA as control group. The swallow swab of each children been collected. Using 16srDNA sequencing to investigate the characteristics of pharyngeal microbiome. <b>Results:</b>The α-diversity showed that the Chao1and Observe-Otus index has significantly increased in the OSA group, and the β-diversity was significantly different between the two groups. The relative abundance of Haemophilus（Proteobacteria） increased but that of Veillonella（member of Firmicutes） and Prevotella-7 and Prevotella（member of Bacteroidota） decreased in the OSA group compared to control group. <b>Conclusion:</b>The pharyngeal microbial richness are decreased significantly and composition are disrupted in children with OSA. This microbiome analysis provides a new understanding about the pathogenesis of OSA in children.