Smart hydroponic greenhouse enhanced with the application of the internet of things

Rapid population growth and the urbanisation of agricultural areas to meet society's industrial and housing demands, have reduced the amount of land available for cultivation. Modern research has shown that the production of crops can be exponentially increased by providing the optimum conditions and essential nutrients, which differ for each type of crop. Seasonal crops that can only be grown during a particular time of the year can now be grown at any time. It has been shown that storing produce over a long period of time leads to a loss in the nutritional value of the food. Hence producing seasonal crops throughout the year can be achieved by creating a controlled environment. Hydroponics is a soilless method of growing plants, where nutrients are delivered to the plants via a water-based solution. In these systems, various aspects of the plant growth process, such as nutrient delivery, lighting, and temperature control, are managed by computerized systems. An automated hydroponic greenhouse with a nutrient monitoring system combines hydroponics with the IoT to create a smart, automated growing environment. One of the main benefits of using the IoT in automated hydroponics is the ability to collect and analyse data in real time. Hydroponic systems with IoT capabilities can be controlled and monitored via smartphones and computers. Producers may use the IoT to receive notifications on their mobile devices about potential issues such as low nutrient levels or pH imbalances, allowing them to take quick action to resolve the issue. This study describes an automated hydroponic greenhouse system that uses Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor and regulate the plant growing environment. To automate the greenhouse's environmental control and fertilizer supply systems, the system incorporates numerous sensors, controllers, and actuators.