Engineered immune cell-based therapeutics for female reproductive tract cancers: Advances and future prospects

Cancers of the reproductive tract are one of the major causes of deaths in women. The higher rate of mortality among these cancers are mainly due to late stage disease detection and resistance to existing drugs. As research progresses, personalized medicine, which involves tailoring treatments to the unique characteristics of each patient’s tumor, is expected to play a significant role in the future. Engineered immune cells such as engineered dendritic cells, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as an innovative approach to cure female reproductive tract cancers (FRCs). These engineered immune cells are designed to boost the immune system’s ability to identify and remove cancer cells, offering new therapeutic opportunities for patients with limited treatment options. The present review highlights the applicability of various engineered immune cell-based approaches to treat FRCs. It also outlines the potential of combining nanoparticle-based engineering strategies to further enhance the effectiveness of the existing immune cell strategies through improving the delivery of immune modulators. Overall, the article highlights the promising potential of immune cell engineering to improve the therapeutic outcomes among patients with FRCs.