A Qualitative Approach to Cancer Awareness Among Rural Women

Introduction: The incidence of various types of cancers in India are set to increase thereby putting an increased burden on the health system. There is a need for people to know sufficiently about cancer, the various types, the risk factors, the early symptoms and signs etc. so that they can come for professional diagnosis early. However, the fear of cancer prevents screening, early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Methodology: A qualitative study was done about cancer awareness among women in the rural areas using qualitative methods like Focus Group Discussions (FGD), In Depth interviews and Key Informant interviews. Results: Incurability of cancer, stigma, fear of cancer, need for support – physical, emotional & spiritual, lack of discussion in the community, causes of cancer, knowledge about cancer and personal experience with cancer are the themes identified in this study. Discussion: Stigma concerning cancer is a challenge to cancer awareness and control activities in any society. “Cancer fear” is any fear, anxiety, or worry related to cancer, including causes or consequences of cancer such as fear of treatment for cancer. Social support is necessary for physical adaptation, wellbeing and emotional adjustment in people suffering with cancer. Conclusion: This study reveals that knowledge about cancer in rural women is low and there are many misconceptions. There is reluctance to discuss about it due to fear and stigma. Recommendations: Following appropriate cancer education programmes with a stress on rural populations, prevention and screening programmes must be taken up urgently. Healthcare workers and volunteers in rural health care must be given necessary training to be able to give adequate cancer awareness, addressing key misconceptions.