Cytological Findings of Cylindroma: Differential Diagnosis and Literature Review

A cylindroma is a relatively rare tumor classified as a benign tumor with apocrine and eccrine differentiation, mainly occurring on the scalp. While there are some reports on the cytological findings of cylindromas, there are no reports concerning stamp preparation. Here, we report a case of a 60-year-old female who presented with a tumor on the right scalp. We obtained cytological specimens from non-fixed surgical samples using stamp, aspiration, and liquid-based cytology. Based on the histological findings, we compared the similarities and differences between stamp and aspiration preparations of a typical cylindroma. Findings of basement membrane-like materials and the degree of nuclear atypia aided cytological diagnosis. As distinguishing cylindromas from other tumors through cytology alone is clinically challenging, careful diagnosis using histopathology and cytology is recommended.