Exploring Public Interest in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Treatment Measures in the United States: A Google Trends Analysis

Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) afflicts over 2.8 million individuals worldwide and is a leading cause of neurological impairment in young adults. This study investigates the public interest in MS and its treatment options in the United States over the past decade, utilizing Google Trends data. The aim is to analyze how search trends reflect public engagement with MS, particularly about managing relapses, slowing disease progression, alleviating symptoms, and enhancing quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing Google Trends to analyze search interest related to MS and its treatments from January 2014 to December 2023. The data was divided into two five-year periods: 2014-2018 and 2019-2023. Specific search terms for MS and various treatment modalities were analyzed, including traditional therapies (e.g., interferon-beta, glatiramer acetate) and newer treatments (e.g., ocrelizumab, siponimod). Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test to compare relative search volumes (RSV) between the two periods. Results Significant fluctuations in RSV were observed over the study period. A notable increase in RSV was found for treatments such as rituximab, ocrelizumab, ublituximab, siponimod, and ponesimod in the 2019-2023 period compared to 2014-2018 (p < 0.05). Conversely, a significant decrease in RSV was observed for glatiramer acetate, alemtuzumab, natalizumab, fingolimod, and plasmapheresis during the same periods (p < 0.05). Treatments like beta interferon, ofatumumab, and teriflunomide showed no significant change in RSV between the two periods (p > 0.05). Conclusion Dividing the search period into two five-year intervals revealed shifting public interest toward newer MS therapies over the past decade. The increased interest in recent treatments aligns with advancements in MS management and may influence patient inquiries and treatment decisions. These findings highlight the utility of Google Trends as a tool for monitoring public awareness and underscore the importance of providing accessible, accurate information to guide healthcare strategies and policymaking.