Enhancing postmortem diagnostics: over a decade of ISO 17020 accreditation and guidelines implementation in forensic pathology

Forensic autopsies remain indispensable for accurately determining the cause and manner of death. However, pathologists face significant challenges inherent to the complex process of postmortem diagnostics (PMD), including the potential for diagnostic errors. The implementation of quality assurance (QA) mechanisms is crucial for minimizing these errors. Nonetheless, the lack of QA programs, specifically tailored for forensic pathology, continues to pose a significant obstacle. This article explores the enhancement of PMD after the adoption of ISO 17020 accreditation at a Belgian forensic institute in 2010. Drawing on over a decade of experience, it details on the development and implementation of label-specific standard operating procedures (SOPs) designed to address the various types of deaths in forensic practice. Additionally, it underscores the necessity of adapting international directives from leading organizations into effective local protocols, aiming to standardize practices and improve efficacy. Through a comparative review of existing international guidelines, this study provides forensic pathologists and institutions worldwide with practical strategies for qualitative standardization and improving their PMD.