An Analysis of the Anatomy, Variations, and Classification of the Mandibular Canal in Panoramic Radiographs: A Retrospective Study in Population Visiting Outpatient Department

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the morphology and variations of the inferior alveolar canal using Orthopantomogram (OPG) and the distribution of variations by gender and classification. Methods: 300 panoramic radiographs were analysed for the Bifid Mandibular Canal (BMC). A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was made, and the information was entered based on the BMC classification, patient age, gender, number of normal mandibular canals, the number of variations (A: lower, B: mesial, C: alveolar, D: retromolar), and the side on which the mandibular canal variation is present. The data was analysed using SPSS v. 23. Results: The prevalence of bifid mandibular canal was 10%, and the females showed a higher prevalence than males. The bifid mandibular canal showed more prevalence on the left side, and the most common variation that was found was Class B [Mesial side]. Conclusion: To prevent difficulties following surgery, panoramic radiographs are advised for a thorough assessment and identification of the bifid mandibular canals prior to any surgical treatments.