The role of water-transporting aquaporins of the PIP and TIP subfamilies in plant development and adaptation to stress factors

The comparative analyses of current knowledge of the diversity of aquaporins in angiosperms are presented in the review. Their structure, coding, and diversity of regulatory pathways are considered. Special attention is paid to aquaporins responsible for water transport. Data on the participation of various aquaporins in plant adaptation to abiotic factors causing hydration and dehydration are presented. The participation of aquaporins in the processes of plant growth and development from germination to seed formation are considered in sufficient detail. The data presented in the review indicate the main directions of further research important for elucidation of the mechanisms involved in regulation of aquaporins, mainly responsive for transmembrane water transport. The special significance of the studies at the omics level — transcriptomic and proteomic is noted. They will allow identifying the specificity of aquaporin isoforms involved in the development of the adaptive response or at different stages of plant development.