Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Analysis of Hepatitis Complicated with Acute Pancreatitis

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of patients with hepatitis complicated by acute pancreatitis, aiming to provide insights for early clinical intervention. Methods: Clinical data from patients diagnosed with hepatitis complicated by acute pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis alone, admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2023, were collected. General information, symptoms, laboratory results, imaging findings, and prognostic outcomes were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, χ² tests, univariate regression, and multivariate binary logistic regression to identify independent prognostic risk factors. Results: A total of 109 patients were included: 53 with hepatitis complicated by acute pancreatitis and 56 with acute pancreatitis alone. The hepatitis-complicated group had significantly longer hospital stays and lower levels of blood amylase, lipase, PTA%, and PLT, while TBil was higher compared to the acute pancreatitis group (P < 0.05). The positive rates of ultrasound, CT, and MRI in detecting complications showed no significant differences between the two groups. Among hepatitis-complicated cases, viral hepatitis was the most common cause (52.8%), and liver failure was the most common clinical type (49.1%). Univariate analysis identified factors such as liver failure, NEUT%, and REC as risk factors for poor prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression showed that liver failure, NEUT%, and REC were independent prognostic risk factors (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hepatitis can complicate acute pancreatitis, with viral hepatitis and liver failure being the most common. Symptoms are non-specific, often including fatigue and digestive discomfort. Early diagnostic tests, especially abdominal imaging, are essential for accurate diagnosis. Prognosis is influenced by the degree of liver damage, with liver failure, NEUT%, and REC being key independent risk factors.