Research on Topological Characteristics of Spatial Network Based on Complex Network Theory and Its Applications

The spatial economic network serves as a pivotal methodology in spatial economics research. This paper endeavors to integrate complex network theory with the gravity model to establish a directed and unweighted spatial network model. Building upon this foundation, we introduce two distinct types of indicator systems designed to systematically analyze both the overall structure of the network and the importance of individual nodes within it. Furthermore, we employ the Theil index and Moran index to investigate the dynamic evolution of the network structure across both temporal and spatial dimensions. To explore the spillover effects inherent in this network, this article introduces relevant basic elements, uses spatial econometric models, and combines indicators that can reflect the characteristics of the network structure to comprehensively evaluate the multiple factors that affect changes in network structure. The above research methods are applied to the spatial economic network composed of 31 provinces and cities in Chinese Mainland, and the results show that the economic network presents a core periphery structure and that the spatial distribution of economic links is uneven. We further apply the research method to the civil aviation transportation field in the Chinese Mainland, as well as analyze the overall structure and dynamic changes of the civil aviation transportation network.