Comprehensive Analysis of Failures in Photovoltaic Installations—A Survey-Based Study

The increasing demand for renewable energy sources indicates that an increasing number of single-family homeowners are choosing photovoltaic installations. These systems facilitate self-sufficient electricity production, increasing the energy independence of households. Although the prevalence and advancements in this field are growing, users frequently experience technical problems and failures that can affect the efficiency of the installation and the satisfaction with their use. The aim of this paper is to analyze the problems encountered by users of photovoltaic installations in single-family buildings. The study relies on user feedback, enabling the identification of the most frequently occurring issues from their viewpoint and the assessment of the reliability of the systems. While the analysis does not allow for a direct technical diagnosis of faults, the results obtained from the surveys provide valuable information on the frequency of problems and the elements of the system that require special attention. On this basis, conclusions can be drawn that can support further work on improving the reliability of the installation. The presented analysis includes not only specific failures, but also the overall satisfaction of users.