Current Transformation Challenges of National Transport and Logistics Systems under Conditions of Sanctions

The transport and logistics systems of most states of the Eurasian continent at the present stage of their development are in a stage of active transformation. This process is evolutionary in nature. However, due to the impact of external factors (pandemic, trade wars, sanctions, etc.), the dynamics of transformation processes take on non-linear development trajectories. The study of the characteristics of such processes is of fundamental and applied interest for transport and economic science. Developments on this issue are used to determine priorities for the development of infrastructure facilities of transport and logistics systems. The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to the transformation of transport and logistics systems. In the article, the authors analyzed the dynamics of volumetric performance indicators of individual types of transport and characterized their systemic interconnectedness in serving market needs. High variability in the average transportation distance by road transport was revealed with a general reduction in transportation volumes. This circumstance indicates a redistribution of the transport capacity of road carriers to main routes due to changes in foreign trade relations under the influence of external factors. High variability reduces the quality and increases the cost of transportation on local and intraregional routes. The article proposes a set of measures to level out the negative effects in the operation of certain types of transport, which are caused by the influence of external factors; transformation of transport and logistics systems is necessary. Transformation projects should provide for the systematic development of infrastructure in promising directions for the delivery of foreign trade cargo for the prompt redistribution of cargo flows along national sections of international transport corridors. It is also necessary to ensure that the throughput capacities of transport and logistics infrastructure facilities are balanced with the future parameters of cargo flows in compliance with reservation standards. To organize the interaction of different modes of transport and redistribute cargo flows along multimodal routes, it is necessary to form a network of multimodal transport and logistics centers of the hub type.