Unbalanced Position Recognition of Rotor Systems Based on Long and Short-Term Memory Neural Networks

Rotor unbalance stands as one of the primary causes of vibration and noise in rotating equipment. Accurate identification of unbalanced positions enables targeted measures for balance correction, thereby reducing vibration and noise levels and enhancing the operational efficiency and stability of the equipment. However, the complexity of rotor structures may lead to a diversity of vibration transmission paths, which complicates the identification of unbalanced positions. In this paper, an experimental platform for rotor systems is established to analyze the change patterns of vibration displacement in rotor systems at four unbalanced positions. Additionally, a rotor dynamics model is developed based on the finite element method and verified through experiments. Furthermore, an unbalanced rotor position identification method based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks is proposed. This method utilizes multiple sets of measured response data and simulated data from unbalanced rotor positions to train the LSTM network, achieving precise identification of unbalanced positions at various rotational speeds. The research results indicate that under subcritical, critical, and supercritical speeds, the identification accuracy based on measured data reaches 95.5%, while the accuracy based on simulated data remains at a high level of 90.5%. These results fully validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model and identification method, providing new insights and technical means for identifying unbalanced rotor positions.