Effect of platform design of dental implant abutment on loosening and fatigue performance

• Abutments with varied platform structures were designed and produced. • The platform design of the abutment improved anti-loosening performance. • While the platform design increased the static load destruction capacity, it decreased fatigue performance. • The fatigue damage location on the abutment varied with external load magnitude. Under the influence of daily occlusal forces, mechanical complications such as loose connections and fatigue damage are significant factors contributing to dental implant failure. The structural design of implant components is crucial in enhancing the long-term durability of implant systems. This research explores the impact of the platform structure of the abutment on connection loosening and fatigue properties. Four abutments with varying platform structures were designed and produced. The study involved testing and comparing screw loosening behavior before and after loading, as well as evaluating static load strength and fatigue characteristics. Observations were made on abutment surface wear and fatigue sections. A three-dimensional model was utilized to confirm damage location using the finite element method. Results indicate that the abutment’s platform structure enhances anti-loosening performance and static failure load, while reducing fatigue life. Additionally, the position of fatigue fracture in the abutment is influenced by the load magnitude. The finite element analysis (FEA) findings align with the results of the static load tests.