Anatomy of the Dynamics of the Nucleation of Skyrmions in Nanodots via the Voltage‐Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy

Abstract Electric fields can be employed to efficiently manipulate spin textures in low‐dimensional magnetic systems. In this work, the field‐free formation of magnetic skyrmions in ferromagnetic‐based patterned nanodots with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction via the voltage‐controlled magnetic anisotropy is studied. By micromagnetic simulations it is demonstrated that by reducing the magnetic anisotropy via an electric voltage pulse with adequate intensity and raise and decay times, it is possible to achieve 100% skyrmion nucleation probability through an intermediate magnetic vortex. The nucleation path is investigated in a Graphene/Co/Pt nanodot varying Co thickness, temperature, and applied field. A complete nucleation/annihilation process via bipolar voltage pulses is also possible enabling the realization of a writing/deleting logic device. The results reveal the relevance of following a quasi‐equilibrium magnetization dynamical path and elucidates the relevance of the absolute stability of the magnetic skyrmion state against other possible magnetic configurations.