A comprehensive study on the variation and driving factors of solar photovoltaic potential in Ningxia from 2020 to 2023

Solar energy, an inexhaustible and environmentally friendly resource, has significant potential to reduce carbon emissions. This study aims to provide a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the potential for solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation in Ningxia, to provide a basis for targeted policy interventions. This study first evaluates the environmental factors of existing PV power plants in Ningxia to determine the best locations for PV systems. Then, the theoretical PV power generation potential of Ningxia is quantified based on physical modeling. Furthermore, the research delves into a comprehensive analysis of annual and seasonal variations in PV power generation from 2020 to 2023 in Ningxia. The results indicate that west-central Ningxia exhibits highly favorable conditions for photovoltaic (PV) construction owing to its advantageous topographic and climatic attributes. Analysis of inter-annual and seasonal fluctuations in PV power generation reveals a significant sensitivity to environmental variables, with solar radiation identified as the primary driver influencing PV output. These observations underline the critical role of solar irradiance in influencing the variability of PV power generation in the region. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into the temporal dynamics and determinants of PV power generation potential in Ningxia, laying a foundation for strategic planning and sustainable energy development initiatives in the region and beyond.