Enhancing digital intelligence among Thai seniors: developing and validating the digital intelligence quotient scale

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a digital intelligence quotient (DIQ) scale specifically designed to assess cognitive and socio-emotional competencies among the elderly population in Thailand. The study aims to enhance the understanding of digital intelligence within this demographic and provide a practical tool for researchers and practitioners in the fields of gerontology and digital literacy. Design/methodology/approach The study employed a multi-phase approach, beginning with the formulation of 34 questions based on established DIQ concepts and theories. These questions underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for initial validation, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and assessments of convergent validity. The final DIQ scale was tested with a sample of 400 elderly participants in Thailand, ensuring both content and construct validity. Findings The EFA identified eight dimensions of DIQ: digital identity, digital use, digital safety, digital security, digital emotional intelligence, digital communication, digital literacy and digital rights. The CFA confirmed the consistency of these dimensions with empirical data, resulting in a reliable and valid instrument for assessing digital intelligence among the elderly. The study highlights the importance of these competencies in navigating the digital landscape and addressing the unique challenges faced by older adults. Originality/value This study provides a novel and comprehensive instrument for assessing digital intelligence among the elderly, contributing to the theoretical understanding of digital competencies in this demographic. The DIQ scale offers valuable insights for designing tailored interventions and digital literacy programs, promoting digital resilience and knowledge among older adults. This research addresses a critical gap in the literature and has practical implications for enhancing digital inclusion and safety for the elderly.