Epidemiological survey of skin cancer in Mogi das Cruzes: cohort study

Skin cancer, particularly basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), presents significant health concerns due to their high incidence rates. This study aims to analyze the profiles of individuals diagnosed with skin cancer during the "Dezembro Laranja" campaign at the Polyclinic of the University of Mogi das Cruzes. A sample of 200 patients suspected of having skin cancer was assessed through medical consultations and biopsies. Patient data were collected, focusing on demographic profiles, clinical signs, and laboratory results. The analysis revealed that BCC accounted for the majority of cases, followed by SCC. Notably, the highest prevalence of suspected skin cancer lesions was in individuals aged 61-80 years. The study identified a concerning non-adherence rate of 21.67% among patients recommended for biopsies, which can compromise treatment efficacy. Biopsies confirmed a diagnosis in 66% of cases, indicating a strong correlation between age and cancer detection. Additionally, actinic keratosis and melanocytic nevus were common differential diagnoses, highlighting the necessity for precise clinical evaluation and follow-up care. The findings emphasize the need for targeted public health strategies, including increased awareness about sun protection and the importance of regular skin examinations. Enhancing diagnostic accuracy through dermatoscopy and ensuring patient adherence to follow-up care are crucial for improving clinical outcomes in skin cancer management.