Environmental Crisis in the Mar Menor Lagoon (Region of Murcia – Spain)

Objective: The objective of this study is to gain insight into the causes of the environmental crisis that affects the Mar Menor ecosystem and its surroundings, as well as to propose measures for a new territorial model. Theoretical Framework: It is based on the study of population growth in the Campo de Cartagena - Mar Menor region, as well as the different activities that take place there, especially focusing on regenerated water. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes regional geographic analysis for the management of the territory, with extensive field work and interviews with users of the Mar Menor; to conclude with a series of “zero discharge” proposals and cultural practices to mitigate the environmental crisis of the lagoon and its surroundings. Results and Discussion: Agriculture, urban expansion, obsolescence of sanitation networks, and other activities such as stable livestock farming and mining waste hauling have caused anthropization of the Mar Menor with eutrophication phenomena. It is advisable to promote a bottom-up participatory process of citizens, reach agreements between Administrations, and harmonize the different land uses making them compatible with the good condition of the lagoon. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, discussing the causes of the state of the lagoon and the uses of the catchment area. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by addressing a topic of interest and concern from a comprehensive perspective, considering causes and consequences, as well as possible solutions. The relevance and value of this research are evident in its geographical approach to human-natural environment relationships.