A Comparative Analysis of Dexmedetomidine Infusion Rates on Hemodynamic Responses During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: An Observational Study

Background Although laparoscopic surgery is becoming more common, its anesthetic management poses challenges due to hemodynamic fluctuations. Dexmedetomidine has shown promise in mitigating these responses. In this study, we compared the effects of three different infusion doses of dexmedetomidine (0.2 µg/kg/hour, 0.4 µg/kg/hour, and 0.6 µg/kg/hour) on hemodynamic responses at the time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methodology An observational study was conducted among 90 adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were divided into three groups, each receiving one of the three dexmedetomidine doses. Hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean arterial pressure, etc.) were monitored at various time points throughout the procedure. Results All three dexmedetomidine doses effectively attenuated hemodynamic responses. The 0.4 µg/kg/hour dose demonstrated the most stable blood pressure control, with minimal fluctuations from baseline. The 0.6 µg/kg/hour dose consistently resulted in lower mean blood pressure values. Heart rate was also more stable in the 0.4 µg/kg/hour group, while the 0.6 µg/kg/hour group consistently maintained lower heart rates. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine is a valuable anesthetic adjuvant for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with the 0.4 µg/kg/hour dose offering a favorable balance between hemodynamic stability and the potential risk of hypotension and bradycardia.