The Resistant Properties of Sumac and Cinnamon in Withstanding Certain Adverse Reactions Associated with Some Special Diets

This study aimed to identify the phenolic compounds, investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity of sumac and cinnamon extracts; crude (ethanol) and sequential extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol), and produce sumac and cinnamon crackers, comparing imbalanced diets with sumac and cinnamon crackers to increase their usefulness in resisting some of the side effects of these diets. Phenolic compounds were identified using the HPLC. Antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2.2-azino-bis 3- ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid (ABTS). Antimicrobial activity was assessed against; Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. Anticancer activity was measured against cancer prostate (PC3), colon (HCT116), and breast (MCF7) cell lines. The experiment was conducted on male Wistar rats (n = 60, weight 150-200 g) randomly allocated to three experimental groups: one, rats fed with a basal diet (BD), two, rats fed with a high-carbohydrate diet (HC) and three, rats fed with a high-fat diet (HF). After four weeks animals were sacrificed, organs were weighed, blood samples were collected and some blood parameters were measured. The results demonstrated that ethanolic and crude extracts gave the highest antioxidant activity using DPPH (IC50 ranging from 0.631 to 0.73 μg/mL, respectively) and ABTS (IC50 ranging from 0.903 to 0.936 μg/mL). Sumac ethanolic extract (SEE), Cinnamon ethanolic extract (CEE) and sumac crude extract (SCE) have the highest antimicrobial activity; compared with other extracts. CEE has the highest anticancer activity against (PC3), (HCT116) and (MCF7) cell lines (LC50 = 43.74, 40.68 and 49.61μg/mL, respectively). The results demonstrated that feeding with HF and HC diets exerts multifarious effects on measured blood parameters. Sumac and cinnamon -fortified crackers resisted some of the side effects associated with HF and HC diets.