Incidence of HPV in Pre-Invasive and Invasive Cervical Cancer among Patients in Galaa Hospital

Background: A significant contributor to cervical carcinogenesis is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which alters genetic structure and function. There are two main histological subtypes of cervical cancer: adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Objective: To examine the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer in women who attended the Galaa Maternity Hospital's Early Cancer Detection Clinic in the Gynecology Department. Patients and Methods: In this prospective analytic study, a total of 100 patients with histologically confirmed pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions were analysed. The HPV detection and genotyping were performed using a commercial PCR kit referred to General Organisation for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI) Early Cancer Delectation Clinic of Gyn-oncology Department, Under supervision of El-Galaa Maternity Teaching Hospital. Results: Patients who had HPV-positive status had a significantly higher mean age (55.32 years) compared to HPV-negative patients (46.10 years), with a p-value of <0.0001, indicating a strong association between older age and HPV positivity. In the crosstabulation of HPV status and pathology types, the findings revealed significant associations between HPV positivity and certain pathologies. Adenocarcinoma: All cases (100%) were HPV-positive, indicating a very strong association between adenocarcinoma and HPV infection (p < 0.0001). CIN 3: A higher proportion of CIN 3 cases were HPV-negative (69.2%), but 30.8% were HPV-positive, reflecting a stronger association with HPV as the lesion grade increases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): The majority (85.7%) of SCC cases were HPV-positive, reflecting a strong correlation between HPV infection and SCC. Conclusion: There is poor correlation between HPV and cancer cervix and further national multicentre studies with wide scale of patients are recommend to prove the correlation between cancer cervix and HPV in Egyptian ladies.