Secondary Fahr’s Syndrome in Patient with Chronic Renal Disease

Background: Fahr's syndrome is an uncommon neurodegenerative condition marked by bilateral cerebral cortex and basal ganglia calcifications. It is believed that anomalies in calcium-phosphate balance are the cause of these deposits, which are composed of calcium and phosphorus. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the best way for diagnosis of Fahr's syndrome and the association between Fahr's syndrome and disordered calcium-phosphorous metabolism. Subject and methods: Female patient 37-year-old with chronic kidney disease had chest infection and septic shock complicated by acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis. The patient was admitted at El Ahrar teaching hospital, for hemodialysis and correction of infection. Result: Neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive decline, extrapyramidal symptoms, and partial or generalized seizures are among the clinical manifestations. In this case study, we examined a middle-aged woman who had a history of chronic kidney illness and was discovered to have bilateral, symmetrical calcifications in her cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. Her lab tests revealed disordered calcium-phosphorus balance and hyperparathyroidism. Unlike Fahr's syndrome, Fahr's disease doesn’t have impaired phosphocalcic metabolism. Conclusion: Our study showed the association between Fahr's syndrome and disordered calcium-phosphorous metabolism as in hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal disease. Although, there were many different clinical characteristics, the diagnosis is initially made primarily on the presence of bilateral symmetrical calcifications in the gray matter and impairment of phosphocalcic metabolism.