Effects of Roselle or Tamarind Extracts and their Mixer versus Potassium Bromate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Open Access*Corresponding author: Shaimaa M. Elmesilhy, Mobile: 01002949059 Emal: [email protected]:15 October 2024Accepted: 15 November 2024 Published online: 20 November 2024Citation Ali MM; El-kholey ES, and Elmesilhy SM (2024): Effects of Roselle or Tamarind Extracts and their Mixer versus Potassium Bromate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. BNNI (64) 68-95, doi.10.21608/bnni.2024.392852 Potassium bromates, still used as food additives and found as a byproduct in ozonate-disinfected water, induced oxidative stress related to nephrotoxicity and pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. Among the countries with the greatest incidence of kidney dysfunction-related fatalities is Egypt. Thus, this investigation aimed to compare the kidney-protective activities of aqueous and alcoholic extracts for tamarind and roselle, individually and in combination, in the presence of potassium bromate-induced nephrotoxic rodents. 48 rats were classified into 8 groups and received potassium bromate as 20 mg /kg b.wt., orally twice a week for 4 weeks alone or combined with different tested extracts daily at 40 mg/ kg b.wt. The tested extracts exhibited reno-protective roles characterized by lowering serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, and urinary protein plus increasing serum total protein, albumin, and clearance of creatinine and uric acid. The significant effects detected for tamarind and mix different extracts especially alcoholic ones, while roselle extracts may need the highest dose and/or period than that used in this study. The extracts' reno-protective action attributed to phenolic compound activities such as antioxidant, antihyperlipidemia, antiatherosclerosis plus inhibition renal lipids and DNA oxidation as malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) results showed. Extracts also showed hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the use of these plants, fresh or dried, either as beverages or food supplementation as coloring and flavoring agents or therapeutic formulae, or even in general cooking as usually used in many countries. Further searches are needed to detect the ideal safe dose and usage duration.