Uninterruptible Power System (UPS) for Railway Stations Using Status Diagnosis and Monitoring of Individual Lead Acid Batteries

Due to the development of secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, the consumption of previously used lead-acid batteries is decreasing. However, lead acid batteries are still used in many fields, such as batteries for internal combustion engine vehicles, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and communication equipment. Compared to lithium-ion batteries, lead acid batteries are relatively safe, have a low risk of explosion and fire, and have strong resistance to temperature changes, so the need for a battery management system (BMS) is lower than that of lithium-ion batteries. However, if a battery management system (BMS), which can monitor and manage the state of charge, temperature, voltage, and current of a lead acid battery, is applied to the lead acid battery, the lifespan, performance, and safety of the battery can be improved. In this paper, we created a battery management system that can be applied to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which is used for normal and regular operation of emergency lighting and electrical equipment in the event of a power outage at a railroad station. Through this, we aim to propose a more efficient and safer energy storage method by improving the life, performance, and safety of the battery and increasing the possibility of long-term use.