Analysis of zebra optimization method for sizing optimum design of wind turbine-photovoltaic-fuel cell HRES

This paper introduces an optimal design of wind turbine - fuel cell - photovoltaic (WT- FC -PV) hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) to meet the load demand for industrial facilities in addition residential structures in Egypt's city of Siwa. The primary PV-WT system provides an economical means of distributing power, and any excess power is efficiently directed to the electrolyzer, which produces hydrogen. When generated power is insufficient, storage hydrogen is supplied into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), that serves the load continuously and smoothly. Therefore, FCs function as additional sources meant to counteract power variations and give the load a consistent supply of electricity. Zebra optimization algorithm (ZOA) is utilized To calculate the ideal size of proposed HRES, and the results are compared to those of the cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). The optimization problem's fitness function is to limit the loss of power supply probability (LPSP) incorporating number PV arrays and WTs as decision variables to achieve an excellent performance, reliable system. According to results, the optimum HRES system is made up 113 WTs, 150 FCs, and 82 PV arrays. The developed HRES provides excellent performance, with no unmet load and the lowest cost of energy (COE).