Investigating the Impact of Different Diets on Metabolism and Related Diseases Based on Gut Microbiota

The gut microbiota, as a critical regulator of host metabolism, is significantly influenced by dietary patterns. This study explores the effects of different diets on gut microbiota and their relationship with metabolism and related diseases. First, the composition of gut microbiota and its role in metabolism are reviewed. Next, the impacts of high-fat diets, low-carbohydrate diets, and high-fiber diets on the structure and function of gut microbiota are analyzed, and how these changes affect the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and obesity is discussed. Finally, theoretical models based on existing research are proposed to explain the interactions between gut microbiota, diet, and metabolic diseases, with a discussion on future research directions. This study aims to provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for dietary interventions and the prevention of metabolic diseases.