Comparing the Effect of Poppy Seed Oil Consumption and the Educational Approach on Consumption Based on Bandura Cognitive-Social Theory on Self-Efficacy of Pain Management in the Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis in Babol City; 2022-2023

Introduction:This study was aimed at comparing the effect of poppy seed consumption and educational approach on how to use Bandura's cognitive-social theory on self-efficacy of elderly pain management with knee osteoarthritis in Babol city; 2022-2023. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study of three parallel and double-blind groups was conducted on 129 elderly people with osteoarthritis of the knee referred to the Babol city pain clinic. The participants were placed in three groups A, B and C using the 6 block randomization method using Excel software. Group A received oil consumption along with training based on the Bandura model , group B received oil without training, and group C as control group received routine treatments. Demographic, PSEQ (pain self efficacy questioner VAS (visual analogue scale) were used to collect data. Ethical considerations were observed. Data was analyzed using SPSS23 statistical software and compared of the primary characteristics of the group Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables and analysis of variance was used for quantitative variables. (If the data does not follow the normal distribution, the non-parametric equivalent of Kruskal-Wallis was used). Results: The elderly were mostly female(102 n, 77.9. No significant difference was observed in the visual score of pain between groups A and B before and 4 weeks after the intervention, before and 8 weeks after the intervention and 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention (P<0.05). However, there were significant differences between groups C and B before and 4 weeks after the intervention and before and 8 weeks after the intervention (P<0.05). There is no significant difference between the PSEQ pain management self-efficacy scores 8 weeks after the implementation of the intervention between groups A and B (P = 0.331). But a significant difference was observed between groups A and C (P=0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the consumption of poppy seed oil alone can improve pain and self-efficacy in pain management. Using Bandura's learning theory produces little change in pain and pain management self-efficacy. Also, it is necessary to repeat the training program to improve the training effect.