Bilateral Posterior Segment Features of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy affecting different organ systems including the eye. The purpose of this review is to report the case of a 47-year-old patient, with no pathological history, who consulted for rapidly progressive loss of visual acuity in both eyes without associated pain or redness AML affects the ocular system through direct infiltration of tissues, secondary to hematological abnormalities, or in the form of chloroma or myeloid sarcoma in the brain or orbit consequently leading to a variety of manifestations depending on the ocular tissue involved. It is imperative for ophthalmologists to be aware of the early ophthalmological manifestations of AML which will allow for earlier diagnosis and treatment of this life-threatening disease.