WATERPROOFING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to summarize the results of waterproofing, in particular, the mechanisms of the main factors of waterlogging and salinization, evaluate waterlogging and salinization and suggest ways to extend the resource, develop the technology to restore the operational characteristics of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures. Methodology. A review of scientific and technical sources, field studies, and regulatory documents on the technical condition of waterproofing, waterlogging, and salinization of reinforced concrete structures in buildings and structures in Ukraine was conducted to achieve this goal. The results of the analysis and synthesis of research became the basis to establish relevant waterproofing errors during design, identifying defects and shortcomings in construction and shortcomings in the long-term operation of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures. Findings. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific and technical sources on the technical condition of waterproofing on old and newly built reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures is carried out. The analysis and synthesis of problems of ensuring the reliability and durability of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures in their operation in air, ground and water environments is carried out. In particular, the analysis of the reasons for the failure of waterproofing systems is carried out, and the main factors – waterlogging and salinity that affect the creation of reliable waterproofing are identified. Scientific novelty. In this paper, based on the analysis and synthesis of scientific and technical sources and many studies of waterproofing of reinforced concrete structures of real objects of buildings and structures during construction and long-term operation, data on waterproofing and processes that significantly affect the degradation of structures are summarized, and conclusions are formulated regarding reliable waterproofing and protection and restoration of such structures. Practical significance. Based on the obtained generalized data on waterproofing, the conclusions present proposals to ensure reliable waterproofing of load-bearing reinforced concrete structures that are operated in moistened and saline-aggressive environments. The method of technical diagnostics and elimination of shortcomings in waterproofing and reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures, which makes it possible to increase the reliability and resources of these structures, has been developed.