ANALYSIS OF PROGRESSIVE DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR UNDERGROUND CIVIL PROTECTION STRUCTURES

Purpose. Analysis of progressive types and structures of underground civil defense structures against air strikes, development and implementation of innovative solutions in the practice of construction and reconstruction of protective objects, especially for cases of direct impact of ammunition into the perimeter of an underground structure. Methodology. Comparative analysis and differentiation of protective structures, improved methods of renovation and application of existing underground facilities for a new (protective) purpose; methods of finding new technical solutions for the protection of shallow structures from air strikes. In the conditions of Russia's large-scale aggression against Ukraine, the problem of protecting the population from possible air strikes takes priority, and the use of underground space forms the main direction of engineering solutions. Findings. A promising direction for the development of the use of the subway as a civil defense storage facility is the renovation and arrangement of tunnels not involved in transport and auxiliary operations, which can significantly increase the capacity of such storage facilities and improve the living conditions of people. Methods of renovation and arrangement of subway tunnels, cost-effective constructive solutions and methods of construction of civil defense structures. Originality. The differentiation of underground protective objects was carried out according to the principle of protection against air strikes in cases of direct and indirect (remote from the perimeter of the underground structure) pot-raping ammunition. For the first time, frameworks made of soil concrete, formed by jet cementation of soils, are considered as retaining structures capable of perceiving, in particular, dynamic (explosive) loads. Practical value. Effective introduction into the practice of underground construction of advanced technical solutions and methods of renovation and adaptation to the storage functions of existing underground structures, construction of protective structures using innovative methods, in particular, using soil concrete. Wide development of construction techniques of jet cementation of soils gives reason to believe that mastering a new method of erecting underground structures from soil concrete will not cause complications and will not take much time.