Exploring a Case of Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia: Clinical Insights and Treatments Outcomes

Cemento-osseous dysplasia is a benign disorder of the maxilla in which cemento-osseous tissue replaces the normal architecture of the bone. It is a benign fibro-osseous lesion of the jaws associated to root apexes and containing amorphous calcifications which would correspond to cementum. It may present in one of three forms: periapical, focal or florid. Usually asymptomatic, it is often fortuitously discovered during routine radiographic examination. However, an infection can occur and the condition progresses to a symptomatic phase which manifests by pain, purulent exudate, fistula formation and sequestration. Various radiological aspects may be observed, depending on the stage of development. In the absence of infectious complications, the therapeutic approach is abstention and monitoring. The aim of this work is to report a case of superinfected focal cemento-osseous dysplasia in the left mandibular bone in a 68-year-old Tunisian woman.