Spatial Analysis of Sustainable and Agricultural Development in Southern Brazil

This study aimed to develop and analyze a Sustainable and Agricultural Development Index (SADI) for the municipalities of the Southern Region of Brazil. The methodology employed included factor analysis through principal component analysis, followed by exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) to examine the spatial distribution of the index. The results indicate a generally medium-low level of sustainable agricultural development, with the highest index value being 0.5885 and most others falling below 0.5. The ESDA revealed strong evidence of significant positive spatial correlation among the municipalities, as well as considerable disparities in sustainable and agricultural development across the region. These disparities highlight the need for targeted public policies and coordinated initiatives to improve infrastructure, promote technological innovation, and implement sustainable agricultural practices, aiming for balanced and inclusive growth in the region.