Fault Detection of Automotive Engine System Based on Canonical Variate Analysis Combined With Bhattacharyya Distance

Abstract Aiming at the nonlinear and dynamic characteristics of data in automotive engine systems, a fault detection method based on canonical variate analysis combined with Bhattacharyya distance (CVA-BD) is proposed in this paper. First, CVA is utilized to calculate the state space of the system data. Second, a sliding window is introduced in the state space to quantify the difference in data distribution within the window using Bhattacharyya distance, thereby constructing a novel statistical indicator. Finally, the control limit for statistical indicator is determined to achieve process monitoring of automotive engine systems. CVA-BD effectively enhances the performance of process monitoring by capturing the sequential correlation of data through CVA and eliminating the nonlinear impact between samples using similarity measurement metrics. Simulation experiments are conducted using a numerical case and experimental data from turbocharged spark ignition (TCSI) engines. The simulation results further confirm that, compared with principal component analysis (PCA), dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA), canonical variable analysis (CVA), dissimilar canonical variable analysis (CVDA), auto-encoder (AE), and stacked auto-encoder (SAE) CVA-BD has demonstrated an improvement of at least 41%.