Remote sensing weak information extraction and its indicative significance from the Tawendariha site of Nomhom cultural

The development of agriculture and animal husbandry, as well as the establishment of permanent shelters, enabled prehistoric humans to permanently settle on the harsh natural environment of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. While macro-level studies on the development of agriculture and animal husbandry to promote human settlement on the plateau and the relationship between settlement distribution and the environment are relatively numerous and mature, studies on the establishment of permanent prehistoric human shelters in micro-environments in relation to the adaptations and impacts on the natural environment are relatively rare. In view of the fact that the ancient human site selection mainly considers the micro-environment, this paper extracts the remote sensing archaeological weak information of the Tawendariha site of the Nomhom culture and its surrounding environment based on the spatial data of DEM, worldview and geophysics, and analyzes it in comparison with the excavated Dalitaliha site of the same culture, in order to understand the formation mechanism of the prehistoric settlement building pattern on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from different perspectives, and to deeply understand the relationship between the prehistoric settlement pattern and the natural environment. It is found that the prehistoric people of the Nomhom culture relied mainly on water resources when establishing permanent shelters, and the special shape of the buildings was to prevent flooding.