Quantitively Accurate Bipolar Quantitative Chemical Shift Encoded Imaging Using the Gradient Impulse Response Function

Motivation: Quantitative chemical shift encoded (CSE) imaging enables accurate measurement of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) but requires breath holding that can be affected by motion artifacts. Goal(s): We aim to develop a more rapid, bipolar readout CSE acquisition. Approach: Gradient impulse response function (GIRF) was used to account for gradient-related phase errors that complicate PDFF measurements in bipolar acquisitions. Results: Bipolar CSE with GIRF correction enabled accurate PDFF measurement with similar results to conventional unipolar readout CSE with a 40% reduction in scan time. Impact: This study explores the application of GIRF and how it could be used in a bipolar CSE for PDFF measurement. Results are comparable to conventional unipolar CSE but yield significant scan time reduction.