Disease-modifying therapies and the longitudinal improvement of the thalamocortical white matter network in people with multiple sclerosis

Motivation: Relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) induces widespread changes in white matter (WM), affecting crucial functions. This novel longitudinal study investigates these alterations using advanced MRI, potentiating improved diagnosis and treatment.Goal(s): To investigate differences in WM microstructure on a network level between RRMS and healthy controls (HCs) over two years.Approach: Advanced MRI (diffusion-weighted imaging and tractography) was used in a network-based analysis of WM tracts, comparing RRMS to HCs.Results: Our findings reveal widespread WM disparities in RRMS. We identified network differences between RRMS and HCs, offering valuable insights into RRMS pathophysiology and potential remyelination during disease-modifying treatments.Impact: This novel study reveals widespread white matter differences in relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, providing crucial insights into RRMS pathophysiology. It highlights potential remyelination during treatment, offering promise for improved diagnosis and therapy.