Pre-treatment multiparametric MRI for prediction of chemo‑immunotherapy response in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Motivation: Early detection in poor responders to chemo‑immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) facilitates timely adjustment of treatment strategies. Goal(s): To explore the value of histogram analysis based on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and difusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in predicting chemo‑immunotherapy response in advanced NSCLC. Approach: 72 NSCLC patients underwent pre-treatment MRI examination. Histogram parameters of IVIM and DKI were calculated and compared. Results: Compared with non-responders, ADC, D, Dapp were significantly lower and f was higher in responders (all p <0.05). The multivariate logistic regression model performed the best with an AUC of 0.954. Impact: IVIM and DKI imaging would predict chemo-immunotherapy response in advanced NSCLC at initial state, which could help make clinical individualized treatment strategies.