Value of quantitative relaxation mapping calculated from Multiple-Repetition Multiple-Echo DWI acquisition in prostate cancer detection

Motivation: The detection rate of csPCa in PI-RADS 3 lesions is only 25-38%. This leads to unnecessary biopsies. Goal(s): Can multiparametric quantitative maps based on estimated T1 and T2 help differentiate clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) from non-csPCa in PI-RADS 3 lesions?Approach: We compare T1, T2, and ADC obtained from Multiple-Repetition time Multiple- Echo time (MRME) based DWI (MRME-DWI) between csPCas and non-csPCas in PI-RADS 3 lesion using MRI-ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy as the reference standard. Results: The T1, T2, and ADC were significantly lower for csPCas than non-csPCas. Combining these indices yields an AUC of 0.82. Impact: MRME-DWI can simultaneously obtain T1, T2, and ADC from a single region of interest in a single imaging session. Combining these quantitative measures is expected to improve the detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in PI-RADS 3 lesions.