Evaluating the Immunotherapy Efficacy of Lung Cancer by 129Xe MRI

Motivation: The evaluation of lung cancer immunotherapy progress using non-invasive methods is challenging. Also, multiple scans of CT during the treatment period expose patients to more radiation. Goal(s): To confirm 129Xe MRI is a potentially robust technology for monitoring immunotherapy effects. Approach: Fe3O4-based nanoprobe that could induce ferroptosis of tumor cells was prepared for immunotherapy of lung metastatic cancer combined with α-PD-L1, finally the immunotherapy effect was evaluated via 129Xe MRI. Results: The 129Xe MRI displayed a complete ventilatory image of the lung in the probe plus α-PD-L1 group while severe ventilation deficiency was observed in the control group. Impact: The 129Xe MRI results of the lung showed significant differences in ventilation defects among different treatment groups, revealing the excellent tumor immunotherapy efficiency of nanoprobe-mediated immunotherapy, which represents a potential protocol for the evaluation of immunotherapy against tumors.