Altered Functional Connectivity of Resting State Networks in Children with Sensory Over-Responsivity But Not Autism

Motivation: Sensory Over-Responsivity (SOR) adversely impacts over 2.5% of children, prompting a study into its neural correlates in the absence of ASD to comprehend its unique effect on brain function. Goal(s): We test the hypothesis that SOR in non-ASD children is linked to impaired connectivity in sensory networks and alterations in higher-order, regulatory networks. Approach: Functional brain networks are constructed and analyzed using ICA, dual regression, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo). Results: SOR children exhibit increased functional connectivity in default-mode, frontoparietal, and salience networks, alongside reduced connectivity in visual and cerebellar networks, confirming a distinctive neural profile of SOR. Impact: This study reveals distinct functional connectivity in SOR. It establishes a basis for novel interventions and tailored medical approaches for children, with or without ASD, encouraging further investigation into the neural basis and management of sensory processing disorders.