Acidic Tumor Microenvironment-Activated MRI Nanoprobes for Modulation and Visualization of Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy

Motivation: Molecular imaging holds revolutionary significance in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Goal(s): Clinical trials targeting immune checkpoint receptors with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies has encountered limited efficacy in pancreatic cancer. Approach: MRI-guide ICB therapy (MRGIT) strategy for enhancing and guiding anti-PD-L1 therapy was proposed. Results: The successful inhibition of tumor growth via MRGIT strategy in pancreatic tumor models demonstrates that it may be efficiently reverse the immunosuppressive PDAC and improve the ICB therapy with the employment of MRI technology. Impact: The MRGIT strategy bridging the antitumor immune response with the MRI technique, which devised a potent tool that holds great promise for improving cancer diagnosis and facilitating the development of personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual patients.