MRI-based Radiomics Analysis for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Diagnosis using a Standardized Prostate Segmentation Model

Motivation: Despite the growing use of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), there remains an unmet need for additional quantitative methods to improve prostate cancer (PCa) localization by prostate anatomic zones. Goal(s): To extract radiomics features that determine differences in detection rates (DRs) and positive predictive values (PPV) for clinically significant PCa (csPCa). Approach: We extracted shape- and first-order based features from 543 csPCa lesions across 468 male subjects and used the Mann-Whitney U test to assess differences in key features. Results: csPCa lesions located at anterior and TZ prostate regions had significantly larger shape-based features and significantly smaller first-order features than posterior and PZ regions, respectively. Impact: For patients with csPCa, significant radiomics features extracted from mpMRI lesions in the anterior and transition zone prostate regions show significantly larger shape-based features and significantly smaller first-order features than csPCa lesions in the posterior and peripheral zone regions, respectively.