Joint sequence optimization beats pure neural network approaches for super-resolution TSE

Motivation: TSE flip angle trains can have a strong influence on the actual resolution of the acquired image and have consequently a considerable impact on the performance of a super-resolution task. Goal(s): We demonstrate the advantage of end-to-end optimization of sequence and neural network parameter compared to pure network training approaches. Approach: This MR-physics-informed training procedure jointly optimizes radiofrequency pulse trains of a PD- and T2-weighted TSE and subsequently applied CNN to predict corresponding PDw and T2w super-resolution TSE images. Results: The method generalizes from simulation-based optimization to in vivo measurements and acquired super-resolution images show higher accuracy compared to pure network training approaches. Impact: Acquired super-resolution image may improve evaluation of the data. Reduction of acquisition time compared to direct high-resolution acquisition leads to increase in patient comfort and minimization of motion artifacts.